Burrell: 'I really hoped to continue playing'
Warning: This piece contains details of discriminatory language and behaviour
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that going public to reveal racism in rugby union led his career to an early end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the sport, showing digital communications and recalling training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have absolutely had to retire because of what went on," he told media outlets.
"I really wanted to carry on competing, of course I did. I sought that, and it fell through when word emerged that there were investigations going on.
"That was difficult - I had to just come to terms with the fate and understand that this whole process is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body investigation in April 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "on the balance of probability", but stated it could not collect enough evidence to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was controversially excluded for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told journalists he also encountered discrimination within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him win 15 appearances after his first game in February 2014.
"I have had several distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become normalised in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"It's something that has been dressed up as humour and that's been the issue that I've myself suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a period of time you just begin to believe that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not harmful, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was finally motivated to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where chains would be placed."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the culture within the professional level and to the implementation of an strategy for the professional game."
"The organization has placed considerable attention on inclusion and inclusion in rugby union and a substantial amount of work undertaken both before and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"The organization are continuing work with teams and partners in the elite level to work for a environment of acceptance but acknowledge this takes time and is an continuous effort."
Every Prem and PWR club now has in-person education on building welcoming cultures, with its success monitored via individual reports and feedback.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to intervene and protect others from damaging behaviour.
"You should be so proud of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"We know it has had this effect on you and ended your playing days, but in our eyes, you have done so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff died shortly after the production of the documentary, and his sibling died recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a council estate in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the game more accessible.
His charitable organization works to connect with children in under-served communities and support them succeed on and off the field with free sports coaching, guidance and dietary education.
"My motivations are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if others is prepared to share their story then I'll persist to advocate for that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an responsibility to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the more I talk about it perhaps the more comfortable others will feel about sharing their own stories as well.
"I need to grab the challenge by the horns and continue bearing this flag and continue supporting this weight and do what I can to develop opportunities and make the sport more attractive and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged young people and a lot of poverty and I sincerely think that the sport has the potential to transform their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022